Hazrat Ali RA. A Life of Courage, Justice, and Reconciliation

✒️:. Mohd Ishaq Shah

Hazrat Ali Radiyallahu Anhu stands as one of the most influential figures in Islamic history. He was the fourth Rightly Guided Caliph, the cousin and son in law of Prophet Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him, and among the earliest believers in Islam. His life reflects unwavering faith, moral strength, and a deep commitment to justice and peace.

Hazrat Ali was the first among the children to accept Islam. He remained close to the Prophet in every phase of his mission. The Prophet repeatedly affirmed his status and character. He described Ali as the gate to the city of knowledge. He declared love for Ali as faith and hatred for him as hypocrisy. These statements highlight Ali’s spiritual rank and ethical stature in Islam.

Hazrat Ali was born in Makkah around 600 CE to Abu Talib ibn Abd al Muttalib and Fatima bint Asad. Historical accounts record that he was born inside the Kaaba, an honor unique in Islamic history. Raised in the household of the Prophet due to Abu Talib’s financial hardship, Ali grew up under the direct guidance of Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him and Khadija Radiyallahu Anha.

At a young age, Ali embraced Islam and supported the Prophet during the difficult years in Makkah. When the Prophet invited his close relatives to Islam and sought support, Ali alone responded positively. This early loyalty shaped his lifelong role as a protector of faith and the oppressed.

As a warrior, Hazrat Ali displayed exceptional bravery. He fought in all major battles alongside the Prophet except Tabuk. His role in the Battle of Khaybar remains widely known, where he led the Muslim forces to victory. His courage earned him the title Asadullah, the Lion of Allah. Despite his physical simplicity, his resolve and fearlessness set him apart.

Hazrat Ali’s caliphate reflected strict adherence to justice. He dismissed corrupt governors and restored equality in the distribution of public wealth. He refused to compromise on ethical principles, even when political expediency demanded otherwise. His policies angered powerful interests, leading to internal conflict. Yet his commitment to justice never wavered.

During times of war, Ali upheld humanitarian values. He prohibited looting, protected civilians, pardoned defeated enemies, and ensured the safety of women. He allowed access to water for opposing forces and discouraged unnecessary bloodshed. These principles later became foundational in Islamic law.

As an administrator, Ali emphasized accountability and compassion. His instructions to Malik al Ashtar remain a timeless guide on governance, stressing fairness, mercy, and respect for human dignity. He consistently preferred peace over conflict and sought reconciliation whenever possible.

Hazrat Ali’s marriage to Fatima Radiyallahu Anha exemplified simplicity, faith, and mutual respect. Despite financial hardship, their household reflected devotion and generosity. Their children Hasan, Husayn, Zaynab, and Umm Kulthum carried forward the moral and spiritual legacy of the Prophet’s family. Imam Husayn’s sacrifice at Karbala later became a defining moment in Islamic history.

An often cited incident from their life illustrates their selflessness. When Fatima desired a pomegranate during illness, Ali earned it through labor. Before she could eat it, a hungry traveler sought food. Fatima insisted the fruit be given away. Soon after, gifts multiplied from the Prophet’s household, reinforcing the Quranic principle that charity returns manifold.

Hazrat Ali also played a key role in diplomacy. He drafted the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah and later sought peaceful resolution during internal conflicts, including negotiations with Muawiya. Even after the Battle of Jamal, he treated Ayesha Radiyallahu Anha with dignity and ensured her safe return.

Differences among the companions arose due to circumstances, not hostility. Ali never expressed resentment toward Abu Bakr, Umar, or Uthman. The Prophet instructed Muslims to follow the guidance of all four Rightly Guided Caliphs. Unity and respect remain central to their legacy.

Hazrat Ali Radiyallahu Anhu left behind a model of courage, justice, humility, and reconciliation. His life offers guidance in personal conduct, governance, and conflict resolution. His legacy calls for unity, not division. He remains a moral compass for all who seek truth, fairness, and peace.